An Empirical Validation of Foundation Models for Smart Government in Indonesia

The implementation of digital government to improve the quality public services requires transforming from just 'electronic' becoming more 'smart' services. Therefore, needs a strategy and policy prepare foundation model work properly achieve this transformation goal. This study aims develop validate for smart system suitable Indonesia's government. mixed-method based on quantitative qualitative approaches was used in explore important dimensions components government, which further need be validated triangulation data sources. Data were collected literature review, in-depth interviews with experts, online surveys Indonesia citizens, focus group discussions. As result, there are four dimensions, eleven founded design models. Dimension one is infrastructure two components, including ICT dan non-ICT. structure six leadership, human resources, governance management, structures bureaucracy, budget constraints, planning policy. three superstructure Regulations Laws Planning Policy; dimension culture organizational individual culture. has been confirmed as most designing model, followed by infrastructure, superstructure, cultural dimensions. indicates that it necessary its before adopting Indonesia.